Professor at the Graduate School of Education, University of Miyazaki. After working for six years as a music teacher at Hiroshima University Junior and Senior High School, I was posted to the Faculty of Education at Fukushima University as an associate professor in 1995 and moved to University of Miyazaki in 1999. I have conducted research on music teachers' instructional skills to inspire performers' self-directive expression and self-regulated learning. I received the Society for Music Education Society Award in 2011 with my research paper, "A Comparative analysis of instruction styles and philosophies of five band instructors with careers of varying lengths (2009).”